Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

"Under the Old Elm" was written and delivered by James Russell Lowell on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of George Washington's taking command of the Continental Army in 1775. The poem was read on the grounds of Harvard University, which was founded in 1636, and is considered one of Lowell's most famous works.

Content:

The poem is divided into several sections, each exploring a different aspect of the American experience. The opening stanza sets the scene and establishes the theme of the poem, which is the idea of a "national soul" that is embodied in the landscape and the people of America.

The second section of the poem explores the role of George Washington and the Continental Army in the creation of this national soul. Lowell describes Washington as a "hero" and a "father" who was "pledged to the cause of God and man." He suggests that the American Revolution was a struggle not just for political independence, but for the creation of a new way of life based on freedom and equality.

The third section of the poem reflects on the beauty and power of the American landscape. Lowell describes the "woodland temple" of the old elm tree and the "silver-breasted streams" that flow through the countryside. He suggests that the natural world is an important part of the American soul, and that it has played a key role in shaping the national character.

The fourth section of the poem explores the idea of American exceptionalism. Lowell suggests that the United States is a unique and special place, with a history and a culture that are unlike any other. He asks, "What other soil has such a birth / As Freedom's chosen home on earth?" and suggests that America has a special destiny and a unique role to play in the world.

Form:

The poem is written in blank verse, with each stanza consisting of ten lines. The language is rich and poetic, with a strong emphasis on imagery and metaphor. Lowell uses a range of poetic devices, including alliteration, assonance, and repetition, to create a musical and evocative effect.

Summary:

"Under the Old Elm" is a powerful and moving tribute to the American experience, and to the men and women who fought to create a new nation based on the ideals of freedom and equality. Lowell's use of language and imagery is masterful, and the poem remains a powerful evocation of the American spirit and the beauty of the American landscape. The poem is a testament to Lowell's skill as a poet, and to his deep love for his country and its people.

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